Read the Following Excerpt From the Middle Passage

Passage 1 - Opera

Opera refers to a dramatic art form, originating in Europe, in which the emotional content is conveyed to the audience as much through music, both vocal and instrumental, every bit it is through the lyrics. By contrast, in musical theater an histrion'southward dramatic performance is primary, and the music plays a lesser function. The drama in opera is presented using the primary elements of theater such as scenery, costumes, and acting. However, the words of the opera, or libretto, are sung rather than spoken. The singers are accompanied past a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a total symphonic orchestra.

1. It is pointed out in the reading that opera ----.

A) has developed under the influence of musical theater
B) is a drama sung with the accompaniment of an orchestra
C) is not a high-budget production
D) is often performed in Europe
Due east) is the most circuitous of all the performing arts

2. We can understand from the reading that ----.

A) people are captivated more by opera than musical theater
B) drama in opera is more important than the music
C) orchestras in operas tin can vary considerably in size
D) musical theater relies to a higher place all on music
E) there is argument over whether the music is important or the words in
        opera

iii. It is stated in the reading that ----.

A) acting and costumes are secondary to music in musical theater
B) many people detect musical theater more captivating than opera
C) music in musical theater is not equally of import as it is in opera
D) an opera requires a huge orchestra every bit well as a large choir
E) opera doesn't have any backdrop in common with musical theater

Passage 2 - Dolphins

Dolphins are regarded every bit the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of them helping drowning sailors take been mutual since Roman times. The more we acquire nigh dolphins, the more we realize that their club is more complex than people previously imagined. They await later on other dolphins when they are ill, intendance for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the community, as we do. Some scientists have suggested that dolphins take a language but it is much more probable that they communicate with each other without needing words. Could whatever of these mammals be more intelligent than man? Certainly the most mutual argument in favor of human'southward superiority over them that we tin can kill them more easily than they tin kill usa is the least satisfactory. On the contrary, the more than we discover almost these remarkable creatures, the less we announced superior when we destroy them.

4. It is articulate from the passage that dolphins ----.

A) don't desire to exist with us as much as we want to exist with them
B) are proven to be less intelligent than once thought
C) have a reputation for beingness friendly to humans
D) are the most powerful creatures that alive in the oceans
Eastward) are capable of learning a language and communicating with humans

5. The fact that the writer of the passage thinks that we can kill dolphins more hands than they can kill us ----.

A) means that they are better adapted to their environment than we are
B) shows that dolphins have a very sophisticated form of communication
C) proves that dolphins are not the almost intelligent species at body of water
D) does non hateful that we are superior to them
E) proves that Dolphins accept linguistic skills far across what nosotros
        previously thought

6. One tin can infer from the reading that ----.

A) dolphins are quite abundant in some areas of the world
B) communication is the most fascinating aspect of the dolphins
C) dolphins accept skills that no other living creatures have such as the
        ability to call back
D) it is not usual for dolphins to communicate with each other
E) dolphins have some social traits that are similar to those of humans

Passage 3 - Unsinkable Ship

Naval architects never merits that a send is unsinkable, but the sinking of the rider-and-car ferry Estonia in the Baltic surely should accept never have happened. Information technology was well designed and carefully maintained. It carried the proper number of lifeboats. Information technology had been thoroughly inspected the twenty-four hours of its fatal voyage. Yet hours afterward, the Estonia rolled over and sank in a cold, stormy night. It went downwards so quickly that about of those on board, caught in their dark, flooding cabins, had no take chances to relieve themselves: Of those who managed to scramble overboard, only 139 survived. The rest died of hypothermia before the rescuers could pluck them from the cold sea. The last death toll amounted to 912 souls. Nonetheless, there were an unpleasant number of questions about why the Estonia sank and why so many survivors were men in the prime of life, while most of the expressionless were women, children and the elderly.

seven. Ane can understand from the reading that ----.

A) the lifesaving equipment did not work well and lifeboats could not be
        lowered
B) blueprint faults and incompetent coiffure contributed to the sinking of the
        Republic of estonia ferry
C) 139 people managed to exit the vessel but died in freezing water
D) naval architects claimed that the Estonia was unsinkable
E) nigh victims were trapped inside the gunkhole equally they were in their cabins

8. Information technology is clear from the passage that the survivors of the accident ----.

A) helped i another to overcome the tragedy that had affected them
        all
B) were mostly young men merely women, children and the elderly stood picayune
        chance
C) helped save hundreds of lives
D) are nonetheless suffering from severe post-traumatic stress disorder
E) told the investigators zippo well-nigh the blow

9. According to the passage, when the Estonia sank, ----.

A) there were only 139 passengers on board
B) few of the passengers were comatose
C) in that location were enough lifeboats for the number of people on board
D) faster reaction past the crew could take increased the Republic of estonia'due south
        chances of survival
E) all the passengers had already moved out into the open decks

Passage 4 - Erosion in America

Erosion of America's farmland past current of air and water has been a problem since settlers first put the prairies and grasslands nether the plow in the nineteenth century. By the 1930s, more than than 282 meg acres of farmland were damaged by erosion. After 40 years of conservation efforts, soil erosion has accelerated due to new demands placed on the country by heavy crop production. In the years ahead, soil erosion and the pollution problems it causes are likely to supercede petroleum scarcity as the nation's most disquisitional natural resources problem.

ten. As nosotros empathise from the reading, today, soil erosion in America ----.

A) causes humans to identify new demands on the land
B) is worse than it was in the nineteenth century
C) happens and so slowly that it is inappreciably noticed
D) is the most critical trouble that the nation faces
E) is worse in areas which accept a lot of petroleum production

11. The author points out in the passage that erosion in America ----.

A) has damaged 282 meg acres always since settlers first put the prairies
        and grasslands under the plough
B) has been so severe that it has forced people to carelessness their
        settlements
C) occurs only in areas with no vegetation
D) can become a more serious problem in the future
E) was on the decline before 1930s

12. Information technology is pointed out in the reading that in America ----.

A) petroleum is causing heavy soil erosion and pollution problems
B) heavy crop product is necessary to come across the demands and to
        prevent a disaster
C) soil erosion has been hastened due to the overuse of farming lands
D) water is undoubtedly the largest cause of erosion
E) there are many means to reduce erosion

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Source: https://www.grammarbank.com/short-reading-comprehension-passages.html

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